Measuring Factors of the Egyptian Tourism Destination Image Formation in a new Transitional Era of the so-called Arab Spring Revolutions

This research considers analyzing and measuring factors of the tourism destination image (TDI) and its applicability in the Egyptian destination in a new transitional era of the so-called Arab spring revolutions; it merges travel consumer behavior and tourism marketing issues. This study introduces actual destination image model (ADIM) as the strongest way to measure the destination image formation by using analytical descriptive (sample, statistical attributes, and free form descriptions) measurement approaches. The research analyzes the current situations of the Egyptian TDI setback,
notably the current severe downturn of international and domestic tourism flows after the so-called waves of Arab spring revolutions, and political violence or instability which makes a critical situation for arrivals and marketing the destination places and spaces.
The objectives of the research can be summarized as; measuring the destination images, variables and tools changed in the related review of literatures, discussing the factors concerning the Egyptian TDI formation and investigating to what extent tourists perceive the destination regarding political and social instability issues. The motivation for choosing the topic is concerning that this research is the first in identifying and putting the IMAGE (used to point out the factors forming the image based on the actual TDI model introduced by the current study) of the Egyptian TDI formation model during the Arab spring revolutions, and identifying the sharp reversal that faces Egypt's tourism industry from the perception of tourists. A self-administrated survey with more than 40 qualitative, quantitative questions in eight parts were included in primary research and conducted to capture better understanding of the current perception of both organic and induced IMAGE of Egyptian TDI.